{
 "paper": "artiushin-2026-spider-atlas",
 "model": "supplied:runs/artiushin-2026-spider-atlas/plain-claim.answer.json",
 "prompt": "extract/prompts/plain-claim.md",
 "claims": [
  {
   "slug": "arcuate-body-four-sublayer-differential",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig11C, fig11D, fig12",
   "plain": "The arcuate body is built from four sublayers, and each neurotransmitter population innervates its own subset of them."
  },
  {
   "slug": "arcuate-body-layers-neurotransmitter-distinguished",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig (arcuate body)",
   "plain": "Staining several neurotransmitters at once separates arcuate body layers that synapsin staining alone leaves indistinct."
  },
  {
   "slug": "atlas-observational-scope",
   "role": "scope",
   "panel": "all figures (assessment)",
   "plain": "Every claim here is an anatomical observation read off the atlas volumes rather than a statistical test."
  },
  {
   "slug": "cheliceral-neuropil-serotonin-tdc2-dominant",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig4Eiv, fig4Ev, fig4Eiii",
   "plain": "Serotonin and octopamine/tyramine fibres fill the cheliceral neuropil most heavily and continue just medial to it."
  },
  {
   "slug": "gad-antibody-peripheral-penetration-only",
   "role": "methodological",
   "panel": "all (assessment — stated in Results introduction)",
   "plain": "The anti-GAD antibody stains only the outer edge of the whole-mount, so GABA patterns in the deeper neuropils cannot be trusted."
  },
  {
   "slug": "globuli-cells-cholinergic-gabaergic",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig7H, fig7I",
   "plain": "The globuli cells at the mushroom body heads stain for ChAT and, more weakly, GAD, marking them as cholinergic and GABAergic."
  },
  {
   "slug": "hagstone-neuropil-serotonin-defined",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig6Bi, fig6Ci, fig6Di",
   "plain": "Serotonin completely fills the newly named hagstone neuropil, and its staining is what marks the structure's boundaries."
  },
  {
   "slug": "leg-neuropil-serotonin-bilateral-innervation",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig2Bi",
   "plain": "Serotonin fibres reach each leg neuropil from the dorsal-most tract and fill it as two equal halves around a central void."
  },
  {
   "slug": "leg-neuropils-consistent-innervation",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig2",
   "plain": "All four pairs of leg neuropils carry the same innervation pattern for every neurotransmitter mapped."
  },
  {
   "slug": "mushroom-bodies-present-asta-exclusive",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig7A, fig7B, fig7E",
   "plain": "Uloborus diversus, a web-building spider, has complete mushroom bodies, and only allatostatin A is found throughout them."
  },
  {
   "slug": "opisthosomal-neuropil-tdc2-perimeter-ladder",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig3Bii, fig3Cii",
   "plain": "Octopamine/tyramine fibres ring the edge of the opisthosomal neuropil and form a ladder of crossing projections toward its back."
  },
  {
   "slug": "pedipalpal-neuropil-chat-tdc2-dominant",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig4Bii, fig4Biii",
   "plain": "Acetylcholine and octopamine/tyramine stain most strongly in the pedipalpal neuropil, and neither reaches its front portion."
  },
  {
   "slug": "protocerebral-bridge-candidate-central-complex",
   "role": "interpretation",
   "panel": "fig (central complex candidate)",
   "plain": "The spider brain contains a protocerebral bridge, a candidate counterpart of the insect central complex used in path integration."
  },
  {
   "slug": "protocerebral-bridge-layered-transmitter-architecture",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig10Bi-x",
   "plain": "The protocerebral bridge is layered by transmitter, with GABA spanning it and octopamine, proctolin and acetylcholine in bands."
  },
  {
   "slug": "tonsillar-neuropil-novel-structure",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig (tonsillar neuropil)",
   "plain": "A previously undescribed neuropil, named the tonsillar neuropil, stands out in the spider synganglion by its staining pattern."
  },
  {
   "slug": "tonsillar-neuropil-serotonin-core-tdc2-shell",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig9Ci-x",
   "plain": "Serotonin fills the tonsillar neuropil's core, octopamine/tyramine forms a shell around it, and two peptides sit only at its rear."
  },
  {
   "slug": "uloborus-synganglion-neurotransmitter-atlas",
   "role": "methodological",
   "panel": "figs 1-13",
   "plain": "A three-dimensional atlas places GABA, acetylcholine, serotonin, octopamine and several peptides in the spider's neuropils."
  }
 ]
}