{
 "paper": "kammer-2026-foveal-feedback",
 "model": "supplied:runs/kammer-2026-foveal-feedback/plain-claim.answer.json",
 "prompt": "extract/prompts/plain-claim.md",
 "claims": [
  {
   "slug": "cross-decoding-experimental-to-control",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig2B",
   "plain": "A classifier trained on foveal V1 during feedback still identifies the same images when they are shown directly at the fovea."
  },
  {
   "slug": "decoding-shape-sensitive-not-semantic",
   "role": "synthesis",
   "panel": "fig3",
   "plain": "Feedback into foveal V1 carries the shape of the saccade target but not its semantic category."
  },
  {
   "slug": "fef-lo-nonsignificant-after-correction",
   "role": "control",
   "panel": "fig4B",
   "plain": "Frontal eye fields and lateral occipital cortex trend the expected way but fail correction, leaving IPS as the only region that holds."
  },
  {
   "slug": "foveal-feedback-below-direct-stimulation",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig2A",
   "plain": "The saccade target is decoded far less accurately from foveal feedback than from direct stimulation of the fovea by the same image."
  },
  {
   "slug": "foveal-v1-decodes-peripheral-saccade-target",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig2A",
   "plain": "Which peripheral target a person is about to look at can be decoded from foveal V1, even though the target vanishes before fixation."
  },
  {
   "slug": "hypothesis-feedback-carries-shape-not-category",
   "role": "hypothesis",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "Foveal feedback to early visual cortex carries the target's shape, not its semantic category."
  },
  {
   "slug": "hypothesis-feedback-not-spillover",
   "role": "hypothesis",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "Foveal V1's information about peripheral targets is genuine top-down feedback, not leakage from large peripheral receptive fields."
  },
  {
   "slug": "hypothesis-shared-representational-format",
   "role": "hypothesis",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "Foveal feedback during saccade preparation uses the same population code in V1 as an image shown directly at the fovea."
  },
  {
   "slug": "interprets-williams-2008-peripheral-spillover",
   "role": "literature-context",
   "panel": "hypothesis (spillover alternative), fig2B (U-shape test)",
   "plain": "Williams and colleagues found that foveal V1 carries information about peripheral stimuli, which others attribute to receptive-field spillover."
  },
  {
   "slug": "ips-candidate-driver-foveal-feedback",
   "role": "synthesis",
   "panel": "fig4B",
   "plain": "Intraparietal sulcus activity tracks foveal decoding more closely than peripheral decoding, making it a candidate source of the feedback."
  },
  {
   "slug": "ips-foveal-effect-reverses-in-control",
   "role": "control",
   "panel": "fig4-figure-supplement-1",
   "plain": "When the image is shown directly at the fovea, intraparietal sulcus activity tracks foveal decoding in the opposite direction."
  },
  {
   "slug": "lo-shows-reversed-specificity",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig3B",
   "plain": "In lateral occipital cortex the pattern reverses: decoding across shape falls while decoding across semantic category holds up."
  },
  {
   "slug": "parametric-effects-not-global-fluctuations",
   "role": "interpretation",
   "panel": "fig4s1",
   "plain": "Peripheral decoding was unrelated to activity in all three regions where foveal decoding was related to each, ruling out global fluctuations and signal quality."
  },
  {
   "slug": "parametric-modulation-exploratory-not-preregistered",
   "role": "scope",
   "panel": "methods",
   "plain": "The analysis linking intraparietal, frontal eye field and lateral occipital activity to foveal decoding was exploratory, not preregistered."
  },
  {
   "slug": "prediction-cross-decoding-generalizes",
   "role": "prediction",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "A classifier trained on foveal V1 during feedback should still identify the same images shown directly at the fovea."
  },
  {
   "slug": "prediction-lo-inverse-pattern",
   "role": "prediction",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "Lateral occipital cortex should show the opposite profile to foveal V1, losing shape decoding while keeping category decoding."
  },
  {
   "slug": "prediction-u-shape-eccentricity",
   "role": "prediction",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "Decoding accuracy across early visual cortex should dip at parafoveal eccentricities and rise again at the fovea, not decay steadily."
  },
  {
   "slug": "prediction-v1-category-drops-shape-preserved",
   "role": "prediction",
   "panel": "hypothesis",
   "plain": "In foveal V1, decoding across semantic category should fall under feedback while decoding across shape should hold up."
  },
  {
   "slug": "preregistered-design-validates-mvpa",
   "role": "methodological",
   "panel": "methods",
   "plain": "The decoding pipeline, regions of interest and statistical tests were all specified in advance in a preregistered plan."
  },
  {
   "slug": "preregistration-submitted-after-manuscript",
   "role": "scope",
   "panel": "methods",
   "plain": "The preregistration reached OSF only after the manuscript was submitted, so its timing rests on website timestamps the authors cite."
  },
  {
   "slug": "target-excluded-fovea-in-99pct-saccades",
   "role": "methodological",
   "panel": "fig1C",
   "plain": "The gaze-contingent display kept the peripheral target out of the central fovea on all but a fraction of a percent of saccades."
  },
  {
   "slug": "u-shaped-eccentricity-rejects-spillover",
   "role": "control",
   "panel": "fig2B",
   "plain": "Decoding accuracy in V1, V2 and V3 dips at parafoveal eccentricities and rises again at the fovea rather than decaying steadily."
  },
  {
   "slug": "v1-category-decoding-drops-in-feedback",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig3B",
   "plain": "In foveal V1 under feedback, decoding across semantic category falls while decoding across shape stays high."
  },
  {
   "slug": "v2-v3-generalize-shape-not-category",
   "role": "empirical",
   "panel": "fig3-figure-supplement-1",
   "plain": "Foveal V2 and V3 show the same shape-sensitive, category-insensitive feedback as V1."
  }
 ]
}